Garden Vine

Garden Vine

Growing grapes requires an understanding of the structure of a grape vine. The structure is relatively simple so let's take a look at it.

The first component of a vine is the trunk. It is the rough-barked semi-permanent woody part of the grapevine. It originates at the ground level and resembles trunks from any other woody plant. Grapevines can have several trunks on a single vine.

When the trunk divides into branches, these structures are called arms. Arms are also woody parts of the plants. If the trunk has been trained so that the horizontal arm runs along the trellis, this arm is referred to as a cordon.

Each year the vine produces new growth and these growths are called primary shoots. Primary shoots often develop side branches. These are called lateral shoots. As the vine matures later in the growing seasons, the shoots become woody. After the leaves have fallen off the vine, the resulting smooth woody vine parts are called canes.

Canes are very important to grape growers. There are enlarged areas along the canes called nodes. These nodes are a compound bud that has a primary bud. This primary bud produces up to two-thirds of the fruit. The secondary bud produces the remaining one-third of the fruit. There is also a tertiary bud which does not produce any fruit.

Between the cane and the nodes, the vine is smooth and this area is called the internodes.

The canes need to be pruned every season. If one to three nodes are left on the cane, these are then called fruiting spurs. Canes with four or more nodes are known as fruiting canes. Fruiting canes are typical in temperate climates on vines which produce table grapes.

As you know by now, grape vines require some kind of a support system, usually a trellis system. The vines are trained to grow along a specific portion of the trellis. That part of the trellis along which the vine grows is called the vine space.

The renewal zone is that part within the vine space from which the fruiting canes (or fruiting spurs) originate. The location and the shape of the renewal zone vary and are dependent on which training system you decide to use. Whether or not the fruiting canes will appear in the renewal zone depends on whether or not the pruning method used in the previous system encouraged growth in that particular area of the vine.

Therefore, growers have to create something known as renewal spurs. These are canes in the renewal zone that have not been chosen for fruiting but they have one or two nodes on them specifically for the purpose of promoting the growth of shoots. The idea is that these renewals spurs will turn into fruiting canes for the next season.

The trunks of grapevines can live and be healthy for many years-in some cases several decades. However, the trunks are also susceptible to winter damage. How the trunks are managed depends on the specific climate conditions in which the vines are being grown. The trunks should be replaced every 10 years or so if they are in a temperate climate. Other climate conditions necessitate the change of the trunks at more frequent intervals.

Establishing new trunks is done by managing suckers-the shoots that develop below ground or very near the ground. Canes hat mature from a sucker is called a trunk renewal. As a rule, suckers from the ground are preferred over those that grow near the ground. If such suckers are not available, you should choose suckers that originate as close to the ground as possible.

OK, there you have a brief overview of the parts of the grapevine and their role in the production of grapes. Give these the proper care and attention and you can have great tasting grapes.

For more information please visit http://www.secretstogrowinggrapes.com/grape-vine-training-systems/ or browse the links at http://www.secretstogrowinggrapes.com for additional information on topics related to growing grapes in your backyard.

Fresh Grapes Hang on the Vine in a Garden in Virginia $39.99 Stacy Gold Fresh Grapes Hang on the Vine in a Garden in Virginia - Photographic Print

'Garden, Orchard and Vine,' Summer Furits, 1867 $19.99 Currier & Ives 'Garden, Orchard and Vine,' Summer Furits, 1867 - Premium Poster

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Treasures by Shabby Chic Garden Rose Vine Stripe White/Lavender $8.98 This cotton print features a rose vine stripe in colors of lavender, white and green. The stripe is vertical to the selvedge. Use for quilting and craft projects.

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